Political ties between the Оttoman state and Byzantine empire (according to byzantine sources)

Sports of the Byzantine Empire

From the fourth century A.D. until the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the people of the Byzantine or Eastern Roman Empire participated in a wide range of sports and physical recreations. Most of these activities were inherited from Greek and Roman civilizations, or were introduced through contacts with Asia Minor and Crusading Europe. Some sport forms disappeared after a few centuries, while o...

Suicide in the Byzantine Empire.

Studying the suicide in the Byzantine Empire is difficult due to the limited number of references to it. Their number is greater in the early years of the Empire, mainly because of the persecution of Christians and gradually decreases. The attitude of the Church also gradually hardens, as well as the law. The law was strictly followed to the West, but as far as the Eastern Empire is concerned t...

The birth of the hospital in the Byzantine Empire.

Extending Binary Byzantine Agreement to Multivalued Byzantine Agreement

The concern of this paper is a set of potentially faulty processes that engage in a distributed computation to agree on some piece of information. Each process enters the computation with an initial value. The computation returns a common result value to each correct process. If all correct processes begin the computation with identical initial values, then the result value equals the initial v...

State Machine Replication with Byzantine Faults

This chapter gives an introduction to protocols for state-machine replication in groups that are connected by asynchronous networks and whose members are subject to arbitrary or “Byzantine” faults. It explains the principles of such protocols and covers the following topics: broadcast primitives, distributed cryptosystems, randomized Byzantine agreement protocols, and atomic broadcast protocols.